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1990–In a private home studio in Bel Air, California, The Traveling Wilburys reunite to record their second album. They decide to do so without replacing the late Roy Orbison. The lineup for the group is now George Harrison, Bob Dylan, Tom Petty, and Jeff Lynne. This second album is eventually released as The Traveling Wilburys Volume 3 in response to a bootleg album (featuring outtakes and alternate mixes) that sported the title "The Traveling Wilburys Volume 2."


BC 85–Roman politician and general, Decimus Junius Brutus Albinus, is born. He was one of the leading instigators of his distant cousin Julius Caesar's assassination.

BC 33–Lucius Marcius Philippus, step-brother of the future Emperor Augustus, celebrates a triumph for his victories while serving as governor in one of the provinces of Hispania.

395–Emperor Arcadius marries Aelia Eudoxia, daughter of the Frankish general Flavius Bauto. She becomes one of the more powerful Roman empresses of Late Antiquity.

629–Shahrbaraz is crowned as King of the Sasanian Empire.

630–King Ardashir III of Persia dies by execution in Ctesiphon, Mesopotamia, at age 8. As a 7-year-old boy, Ardashir III exercised little power and his empire was controlled by his vizier, Mah-Adhur Gushnasp, whose duty was to protect the empire until Ardashir became old enough to rule.

711–In the Islamic conquest of Hispania, Moorish troops, led by Tariq ibn Ziyad, land at Gibraltar to begin their invasion of the Iberian Peninsula (Al-Andalus).

1124–Alexander I, King of Scotland, dies at age 46. David I becomes King of Scotland upon the death of his brother, who has ruled in the south since the death of their grandfather, Edgar, in 1107.

1296–John Balliol's Scottish army is defeated by an English army, commanded by John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey, at the Battle of Dunbar.

1509–Pope Julius II places the Italian state of Venice under interdict.

1521–Explorer, Ferdinand Magellan, is killed by natives led by Chief Lapu-Lapu, in the Philippines.

1522–Combined forces of Spain and the Papal States defeat a French and Venetian army at the Battle of Bicocca.

1539–The re-founding of the city of Bogotá, New Granada (present-day Colombia), is accomplished by Nikolaus Federmann and Sebastián de Belalcázar.

1565–Cebu City is established, becoming the first Spanish settlement in the Philippines.

1570–Pope Pius V declares Queen Elizabeth I a heretic.

1578–The Duel of the Mignons claims the lives of two favorites of Henry III of France and two favorites of Henry I, Duke of Guise.

1595–The relics of Saint Sava are incinerated on the Vracar plateau in Belgrade, by Ottoman Grand Vizier Sinan Pasha. The site of the incineration is now the location of the Church of Saint Sava, one of the largest Orthodox churches in the world.

1605–Pope Leo XI dies as a result of fatigue and cold in Rome, Papal States, at age 69. When he was elected, he was almost 70, and died 27 days later.

1667–English poet, John Milton, blind and impoverished, sells the copyright to his religious epic Paradise Lost for £10 (less than $30).

1701–Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia is born in Turin, Italy.

1737–Historian, Edward Gibbon, is born at Putney-on-the-Thames, England. He is the author of the six-volume The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. He said: “History is indeed little more than the register of the crimes, follies, and misfortunes of mankind.”

1749–The first performance of Händel's Fireworks Music is cut short when a fire breaks out in the venue in Green Park, London, England.

1759–Writer, Mary Wollstonecraft, is born. Her book Defense of the Rights of Women is considered the first feminist manifesto in England.

1773–The British Parliament passes the Tea Act, one of the “Intolerable Acts” that leads to the American Revolution. The act was designed to save the British East India Company by granting it a monopoly on the North American tea trade.

1777–During the American Revolutionary War, a British invasion force engages and defeats Continental Army regulars and militia irregulars at Ridgefield, Connecticut.

1791–Samuel F.B. Morse, the inventor of the telegraph, is born in Charlestown, Massachusetts. He was educated at Yale College, studying religious philosophy and mathematics, where he also attended lectures on electricity. While at Yale, he supported himself by painting, graduating in 1810, with Phi Beta Kappa honors. He went on to study painting at the Royal Academy in London, ultimately establishing himself as a portrait painter, earning commissions to paint President James Monroe and the Marquis de Lafayette. He continued his studies, traveled through Europe, and was a founder of the National Academy of Design in New York City, where he served as President for 20 years. A chance meeting with a scientist on a return voyage from Europe started him thinking about electromagnetism, resulting in the concept of a single-wire telegraph. In middle age, he set aside his painting, and developed the Morse code and telegraph for which he is best known.

1805–The U.S. Marines attack the shores of Tripoli in the First Barbary War.

1806–Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies is born Maria Cristina Ferdinanda di Borbone in Palermo, Sicily. She was the daughter of King Francis I of the Two Sicilies by his second wife, Maria Isabella of Spain.

1810–Beethoven composes Für Elise.

1813–U.S. troops capture the capital of Ontario, York (present-day Toronto, Canada).

1813–Zebulon M. Pike, dies in battle in York, Ontario, Upper Canada, at age 34. He was the explorer who found Pike’s Peak.

1822–Ulysses S. Grant, 18th U.S. President (1869-1877), is born Hiram Ulysses Grant in Point Pleasant, Ohio. As Commanding General of the United States Army (1864-1869), Grant worked closely with President Abraham Lincoln to lead the Union Army to victory over the Confederacy in the American Civil War. He implemented Congressional Reconstruction, often at odds with Lincoln's successor, President Andrew Johnson. Twice elected president, Grant led the Republicans in their effort to remove the vestiges of Confederate nationalism and slavery, protect African-American citizenship, and support economic prosperity nationwide.

1828–The Zoological Gardens open at Regent's Park in London, England.

1840–The foundation stone is laid for new Palace of Westminster, in London, England.

1848–Otto of Bavaria is born Otto Wilhelm Luitpold Adalbert Waldemar von Wittelsbach at The Residence in Munich, Germany. He was King of Bavaria from 1886 to 1913. However, he never actively reigned due to severe mental illness. His uncle, Luitpold, and cousin, Ludwig, served as regents.

1861–President Abraham Lincoln suspends the writ of habeas corpus.

1861–West Virginia secedes from Virginia, after Virginia secedes from the United States.

1865–Cornell University is chartered in Ithaca, New York.

1865–The steamboat, Sultana, carrying 2,400 passengers, explodes and sinks in the Mississippi River, near Memphis, Tennessee, killing 1,800, mostly Union survivors of the Andersonville Prison.

1881–Billy the Kid escapes from a New Mexico jail, killing jailer, Bob Ollinger, and a prisoner during the process. He lived for three months more before Pat Garrett killed him.

1882–Author, Ralph Waldo Emerson, dies of pneumonia in Concord, Massachusetts, at age 78. His essays include “Nature,” “Self-Reliance,” “The Over-Soul,” and “Experience.”

1886–American architect, Henry Hobson Richardson, dies of Bright's disease at age 47. Despite his prodigious income, Richardson had so mismanaged his finances that he was deep in debt when he died, leaving virtually nothing for his widow and six children. Due to his failing health, Richardson spent his later years in his home studio in Brookline, Massachusetts, where he could watch the construction of his design of the Trinity Church in Copley Square. He was the creator of the Richardsonian Romanesque style of architecture.

1894–Artist, George (Brown) Petty, is born in Abbeville, Vermilion Parish, Louisiana. His pin-up art appeared primarily in Esquire and Fawcett Publications's True during world War II, but was also in calendars marketed by Esquire, True, and Ridgid Tool Company. Petty's Esquire gatefolds originated and popularized the magazine device of centerfold spreads. Reproductions of his work, known as "Petty Girls," were widely rendered by military artists as nose art decorating warplanes, including the Memphis Belle.

1896–Wallace (Hume) Carothers, inventor of nylon, is born in Burlington, Iowa. He was a chemist, inventor, and the leader of organic chemistry at DuPont.

1897–Grant's Tomb is dedicated.

1899–A tornado strikes Kirksville, Missouri, killing 34 people and destroying 300 buildings.

1900–Animator, Walter (Benjamin) Lantz, is born in New Rochelle, New York. He created the cartoon character “Woody Woodpecker.”

1904–The Australian Labor Party, under Chris Watson, becomes the first such party to gain national government.

1905–Exposition Universelle opens in Liège, Belgium.

1906–The State Duma of the Russian Empire meets for the first time.

1908–The IV Olympic Games open in London, England.

1909–Abdul Hamid II, sultan of Ottoman Empire, is overthrown and succeeded by his brother, Mehmed V.

1910–Politician, Chiang Ching-kuo, is born in Fenghua, Zhejiang, Qing Dynasty. He was the third President of the Republic of China. The Chinese-Taiwanese son of Generalissimo and President Chiang Kai-shek, he held numerous posts in the government of the Republic of China (ROC). He succeeded his father to serve as Premier of the Republic of China between 1972 and 1978.

1911–Following the resignation and death of William P. Frye, a compromise is reached to rotate the office of President pro tempore of the United States Senate.

1914–Honduras becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty.

1915–Russian composer, Alexander Scriabin, dies of septicemia in Moscow, Russia, at age 43. He is considered by some to be the main Russian Symbolist composer. Over time, he had a major impact on the music world, influencing composers such as Igor Stravinsky and Sergei Prokofiev.

1922–Actor, Jack Klugman, is born Jacob Joachim Klugman in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He is best known for the role of Oscar Madison in the sitcom The Odd Couple, and for his starring role in the TV drama Quincy. He appeared in the films 12 Angry Men, Cry Terror!, Days of Wine and Roses, I Could Go on Singing, Act One, The Detective, Goodbye, Columbus, One of My Wives is Missing, Two-Minute Warning, and The Twilight of the Golds. He was married to actress, Brett Somers.

1923–Educator, Jean Harris, is born in Jean Struven Cleveland, Ohio. She was the headmistress of The Madeira School for Girls in McLean, Virginia, who made national news in the early 1980s, when she was tried and convicted of the murder of her ex-lover, Herman Tarnower, a well-known cardiologist and author of the best-selling book The Complete Scarsdale Medical Diet.

1923–Seminole Chief, Betty Mae Tiger Jumper, is born Potackee in a Seminole camp near Indiantown, Florida. She was the first and only female chief of the Seminole Tribe of Florida. A nurse, she co-founded the tribe's first newspaper in 1956, The Seminole News, later replaced by The Seminole Tribune.

1924–Politician, Vernon B. Romney, is born Vernon Bradford Romney in Salt Lake City, Utah. He was the 14th Attorney General of Utah. He is a first cousin once removed of former Governor of Massachusetts and presidential candidate, Mitt Romney.

1927–The Carabineros de Chile (Chilean national police force and gendarmerie) are created.

1927–Coretta Scott King is born Coretta Scott in Heiberger, Alabama. She was a civil rights activist and the wife of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. She often participated in many of her husband's exploits and goals during the battle for African-American equality.

1931–Actor, Robert Donner, is born in New York, New York. As a respected character actor, Donner remained actively employed in television and film his entire life, completing his last feature film shortly before his death. His TV appearances include Rawhide, I Spy, Death Valley Days, Gunsmoke, The Virginian, Adam-12, Bonanza, The Big Valley, The Mod Squad, Columbo, Kung Fu, McCloud, Charlie’s Angels, Mork & Mindy, The Incredible Hulk, Matlock, MacGyver, and Murder, She Wrote. He appeared in the films The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance, Cool Hand Luke, Chisum, Rio Lobo, Mrs. Pollifax–Spy, Vanishing Point, Pickup on 101, High Plains Drifter, Bite the Bullet, The Last Hard Men, and Allan Quatermain and the Lost City of Gold.

1932–Actress, Anouk Aimée, is born Nicole Françoise Florence Dreyfus in Paris, France. She appeared in the films Golden Salamander, Pot-Bouille, The Journey, La Dolce Vita, Lola, Sodom and Gomorrah, A Man and a Woman, Model Shop, Justine, and Prêt-à-Porter. She was married to actor, Albert Finney.

1932–Radio personality, Casey Kasem, is born Kemal Amen Kasem in Detroit, Michigan. He was the creator of the weekly syndicated radio show American Top 40.

1936–The United Auto Workers (UAW) gains autonomy from the American Federation of Labor.

1937–The U.S. Social Security System makes its first benefit payment.

1937–Actress, Sandy Dennis, is born Sandra Dale Dennis in Hastings, Nebraska. A life member of The Actors Studio and an advocate of method acting, Dennis was often described as neurotic and mannered in her performances. She appeared in the films Splendor in the Grass, Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?, The Three Sisters, Up the Down Staircase, The Fox, Sweet November, A Touch of Love, The Out of Towners, The Four Seasons, and Come Back to the Five and Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean. She lived with prominent jazz musician, Gerry Mulligan, from 1965 until they split up in 1974. She also lived with actor, Eric Roberts, from 1980 to 1985.

1938–Philosopher, Edmund Husserl, dies in Freiburg, Germany, at age 79. He founded Phenomenology. Husserl's thought profoundly influenced the landscape of 20th-century philosophy and he remains a notable figure in contemporary in the field.

1939–Actress, Judy Carne, is born Joyce Botterill in Northampton, Northamptonshire, England. She is best known for her appearances on the 1960s variety show Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In. She also co-starred in the TV sitcom Love on a Rooftop. She appeared in the films A Pair of Briefs, The Americanization of Emily, and All the Right Noises.

1940–Himmler issues a directive to establish a concentration camp at Auschwitz.

1941–German troops enter Athens, Greece.

1941–The Communist Party of Slovenia, the Slovene Christian Socialists, the left-wing Slovene Sokols (also known as "National Democrats"), and a group of progressive intellectuals establish the Liberation Front of the Slovene Nation.

1942–A tornado destroys Pryor, Oklahoma, killing 100 people and injuring 300 others.

1942–Drummer, Jim Keltner, is born James Lee Keltner in Tulsa, Oklahoma. As a session musician, he has worked with Bob Dylan, Elvis Presley, Delaney & Bonnie and Friends, John Lennon, Plastic Ono Band, George Harrison, The Traveling Wilburys, Ringo Starr & His All-Starr Band, The Manhattan Transfer, The Steve Miller Band, Gary Lewis & the Playboys, Neil Young, Sheryl Crow, Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young, Harry Chapin, Joe Cocker, and Harry Nilsson.

1942–Cosmetic manufacturer, Gordon Roddick, is born in England. He created the Body Shop line of personal grooming products.

1944–Singer and actor, Cuba Gooding, Sr., is born Cuba M. Gooding in New York, New York. He was the lead singer of the soul group, The Main Ingredient, whose biggest hit was Everybody Plays the Fool. His son is actor, Cuba Gooding, Jr.

1944–Michael Melchione, guitarist for Buckwheat Zydeco, is born in Chicago, Illinois.

1945–German troops are expelled from Finnish Lapland.

1945–Benito Mussolini is arrested by Italian partisans in Dongo, Lombardy, Italy, while attempting escape disguised as a German soldier.

1945–The Vlkischer Beobachter, the newspaper of the Nazi Party, ceases publication.

1945–Playwright, August Wilson, is born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He dropped out of school at age 15, and started spending his days at the library, reading books and dreaming of becoming a writer. In the late 1960s, he and a friend started a black theater company in Pittsburgh, but he didn't start writing plays until he moved to St. Paul, Minnesota, in 1978. His first big success was Ma Rainey's Black Bottom, completed in 1981, and staged on Broadway in 1984. His other plays include Fences, The Piano Lesson, Joe Turner's Come and Gone, Two Trains Running, and Seven Guitars.

1947–Peter (William) Ham, of Badfinger, is born in Swansea, Wales. The band hat hits with Come and Get It, No Matter What, Day After Day, and Baby Blue.

1947–Singer, Ann Peebles, is born in St. Louis, Missouri. She had a big hit with I Can’t Stand the Rain.

1948–Kate Pierson, of the B-52's, is born Catherine Elizabeth Pierson in Weehawken, New Jersey.

1950–In South Africa, the Group Areas Act is passed, formally segregating the races.

1951–Mohammed Mossadeq is chosen Premier of Persia (present-day Iran).

1951–Ace Frehley, of KISS, is born Paul Daniel Frehley in the Bronx, New York. He invented the persona of the "Spaceman" or "Space Ace," and played with the group from its inception in 1973, until his departure in 1982.

1953–Wrestler, Freddie Blassie, coins the term "pencil neck geek."

1953–Operation Moolah offers $50,000 to any pilot who defected with a fully mission-capable Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 to South Korea. The first pilot was to receive $100,000.

1955–A civil war begins in South Vietnam between supporters of Premier Ngo Dinh Diem and supporters of Bao Dai.

1956–Capitol Records signs rock and roller, Gene Vincent, intending to market him as the next Elvis Presley.

1956–Heavyweight Boxing Champion, Rocky Marciano, retires from the sport undefeated.

1957–Elvis Presley performs his first concert outside of the U.S. at Toronto's Maple Leaf Gardens.

1959–Rock singer, Sheena Easton, is born Sheena Shirley Orr in Bellshill, North Lanarkshire, Scotland. She has recorded 16 studio albums, and released 45 singles worldwide.

1959–Marco Pirroni, guitarist for Adam & The Ants, is born Marco Francesco Andrea Pirroni in London, England.

1960–Togo gains independence from French-administered UN trusteeship.

1961–Sierra Leone is granted its independence from the United Kingdom, with Milton Margai as the first Prime Minister.

1962–The U.S. conducts an atmospheric nuclear test at Christmas Island.

1963–Russell T. Davies, television writer and executive producer of Doctor Who, is born in Wales.

1964–John Lennon's book In His Own Write is published in the U.S.

1965–R.C. Duncan patents the disposable diaper.

1965–Actress, Anna (Theodora) Chancellor, is born in Richmond, London, England. She appeared in the films Four Weddings and a Funeral, Tom & Viv, Princess Caraboo, Pride & Prejudice, Crush, What a Girl Wants, and The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.

1965–TV newscaster, Edward R. Murrow, dies of lung cancer in Pawling, New York, at age 57. A pioneer of television news broadcasting, fellow journalists, Eric Sevareid, Ed Bliss, Bill Downs, Dan Rather, and Alexander Kendrick consider Murrow one of journalism's greatest figures, noting his honesty and integrity in delivering the news.

1967–Expo 67 officially opens in Montreal, Canada, with a large opening ceremony broadcast around the world.

1967–The U.S. conducts a nuclear test at Nevada Test Site.

1968–Britain legalizes abortion by overturning an 1861 law that had made abortion a crime under all circumstances. The new law makes abortion legal in situations where the mother and/or child’s life or well-being is in jeopardy.

1968–Simon & Garfunkel release Mrs. Robinson from The Graduate soundtrack.

1968–Jimmy Ellis defeats Jerry Quarry for the Heavyweight Boxing Championship.

1970–Eight John Lennon "Bag One" lithographs, which had been confiscated by Scotland Yard on January 16th, are determined not to be obscene and are returned to Lennon. The charges against the London Arts Gallery, who exhibited the lithographs, are dismissed.

1972–John Lennon publicly charges that the deportation proceedings against him are politically motivated. New York City Mayor, John Lindsey, appeals for Lennon not to be deported.

1972–Phil King, of Blue Oyster Cult, dies from a shot in the head while gambling, at age 24.

1974–Ten thousand people march in Washington, D.C., calling for the impeachment of President Richard Nixon.

1974–A Pan Am 707 crashes into the mountains of Bali, killing 107 people.

1974–The Cherry Blossom Music Festival in Richmond, Virginia, featuring Boz Scaggs and the Steve Miller Band, ends in a riot after police begin making drug arrests: 76 people are hauled off to jail.

1975–The USSR conducts a nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh.

1976–The Arabic Monetary Fund is established in Abu Dhabi.

1976–Singer, David Bowie, is detained at the Poland-Russian border after Nazi memorabilia (mostly books) are found in his luggage. He is released when he claims they are research for an upcoming film about Joseph Goebbels.

1976–Actress, Sally (Cecilia) Hawkins, is born in Dulwich, London, England. She appeared in the films All or Nothing, Vera Drake, Layer Cake, The Painted Veil, Happy-Go-Lucky, Made in Dagenham, Jane Eyre, Great Expectations, Blue Jasmine, and Paddington.

1977–HCC, Hobby Computer Club, forms in the Netherlands.

1978–An accident at a nuclear reactor in Willow Island, West Virginia, kills 51 people.

1978–Mohammed Daud, Premier of Afghanistan, is murdered.

1978–Former aide to President Richard Nixon, John D. Ehrlichman, is released from an Arizona prison after serving 18 months for Watergate-related crimes.

1979–Ira Attebury, a 64-year-old disabled truck driver, opens fire on the Battle of Flowers parade in San Antonio, Texas, killing two people and injuring 51 others. He then commits suicide.

1980–The legendary New York disco, Studio 54, closes its doors after 366 days, due to violations of city liquor licenses.

1981–Xerox PARC introduces the computer mouse.

1981–Ringo Starr and Barbara Bach are married at Marylebone Register Office, London, England.

1986–The city of Pripyat, Ukraine, and the surrounding areas, are evacuated due to the Chernobyl nuclear power station disaster. The population was 49,400 before the disaster. Pripyat is featured in the History Channel documentary Life After People.

1987–The U.S. Department of Justice bars Austrian President Kurt Waldheim from entering the United States, saying he had aided in the deportation and execution of thousands of Jews (and others) as a German Army officer during World War II.

1989–Beijing students take over Tiananmen Square in China.

1989–A hurricane in Bangladesh kills 500 people.

1989–Industrialist, Konosuke Matsushita, dies of pneumonia in Moriguchi, Osaka, Japan, at age 94. He was the founder of Panasonic.

1990–In a private home studio in Bel Air, California, The Traveling Wilburys reunite to record their second album. They decide to do so without replacing the late Roy Orbison. The lineup for the group is now George Harrison, Bob Dylan, Tom Petty, and Jeff Lynne. This second album is eventually released as The Traveling Wilburys Volume 3 in response to a bootleg album (featuring outtakes and alternate mixes) that sported the title "The Traveling Wilburys Volume 2."

1991–The Firestone World Bowling Tournament of Champions is won by David Ozio.

1992–The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, comprising Serbia and Montenegro, is proclaimed.

1992–Betty Boothroyd becomes the first woman to be elected Speaker of the British House of Commons in its 700-year history.

1992–The Russian Federation and 12 other former Soviet republics become members of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.

1993–All members of the Zambia national football team are killed in a plane crash off Libreville, Gabon, en route to Dakar, Senegal, to play a FIFA World Cup qualifying match against Senegal.

1994–The first democratic general election, in which black citizens can vote, is held in South Africa.

1995–Actress, Katherine DeMille, dies of Alzheimer's disease in Tucson, Arizona, at age 83. When she was nine years old, she was found in an orphanage and was legally adopted by film director, Cecil B. DeMille and his wife, Constance, when she was 11. She appeared in the films Viva Villa!, Belle of the Nineties, All the King’s Horses, The Black Room, Call of the Wild, The Crusades, and The Californian.

1996–The Israeli military operation in Lebanon, Operation Grapes of Wrath, ends after 16 days of heavy bombing.

1996–Brunswick World Bowling Tournament of Champions is won by Dave D'Entremont.

1996–Actress, Robin Wright, marries actor, Sean Penn, in Santa Monica, California.

1998–Anthropologist and author, Carlos Castaneda, dies of hepatocellular cancer in Los Angeles, California, at age 73. Starting with The Teachings of Don Juan in 1968, Castaneda wrote a series of books that describe his training in shamanism, particularly a group that he called the Toltecs. The books, narrated in the first person, relate his experiences under the tutelage of a Yaqui "Man of Knowledge" named Don Juan Matus. His 12 books have sold more than 28 million copies in 17 languages. His other books include A Separate Reality, Journey to Ixtlan, Tales of Power, The Fire from Within, and The Art of Dreaming.

1999–Trumpeter, Al Hirt, dies of liver failure in New Orleans, Louisiana, at age 76. He is best known for his million-selling recording Java.

2000–Singer, Vicki Sue Robinson, dies of cancer in Wilton, Connecticut, at age 45. She had a big disco hit with Turn the Beat Around.

2002–The last successful telemetry is made from the NASA space probe, Pioneer 10.

2002–Businesswoman, Ruth Handler, dies from complications of surgery for colon cancer in Los Angeles, California, at age 85. She served as the president of the toy manufacturer Mattel Inc., and is best known for inventing the Barbie doll. While the Handler family were vacationing in Europe, Ruth saw the German “Bild Lilli” doll (which was not a children's toy, but an adult gag gift) in a Swiss shop and brought one home. The Lilli doll was a representation of the same concept Ruth had been trying to sell to other Mattel executives. She reworked the design and named her Barbie. Barbie, the ponytailed fashion doll, debuted at the New York toy fair on March 9, 1959.

2005–The superjumbo jet aircraft, Airbus A380, makes its first flight from Toulouse, France.

2006–Construction begins on the Freedom Tower for the new World Trade Center in New York City.

2006–While vacationing in Fiji, Keith Richards falls from a palm tree, landing on his head and causing a hemorrhage that requires doctors to drain his skull. The 63-year-old rocker makes a complete recovery.

2007–Estonian authorities remove the Bronze Soldier, a Soviet Red Army war memorial in Tallinn, amid political controversy with Russia.

2009–Dancer-choreographer, Frankie Manning, dies at age 95. He was one of the originators of the Lindy Hop.

2011–A tornado outbreak devastates the states of Alabama, Mississippi, Georgia, and Tennessee. Two hundred and five tornadoes touch down, killing more than 300 people and injuring hundreds more.

2012–At least four explosions hit the Ukrainian city of Dnipropetrovsk, injuring at least 27 people.

2013–Television director, Jack Shea, dies at age 84. He directed episodes of The Jeffersons, Silver Spoons, Sanford and Son, Designing Women, Growing Pains, and The Waltons.

2014–Popes John XXIII and John Paul II are declared Saints in the first papal canonization since 1954.

2014–A tornado outbreak over much of the eastern United States kills more than 45 people.

2015–Child actress, Suzanne Crough, dies suddenly at her home in Laughlin, Nevada, at age 52. She is best known for the role of Tracy on the TV sitcom The Partridge Family.

2016–Archaeologists in Taiwan discover 48 sets of remains unearthed in graves in Taichung. The most striking discovery among them is the skeleton of a mother looking down at a child cradled in her arms, which is 4,800 years old.

2016–The government of Austria passes a new law that restricts the right of asylum in the country and allows claimants to be rejected directly at the border. Officials say they are also considering building a fence at the main border crossing with Italy at the Brenner Pass.

2016–Millennials (Americans of age 18 to 34) are now the largest living generation in America, outnumbering their Baby Boomer and Generation X elders, according to a report released by the Pew Research Center. Millennials now number 75.4 million, putting them ahead of Baby Boomers (ages 51 to 69), at 74.9 million, and Generation X (ages 35 to 50), at about 66 million.

2016–Former House Speaker, John Boehner, describes Senator Ted Cruz as “Lucifer in the flesh,” during a forum at Stanford University in Palo Alto, California. He said he will not vote for the Texas Republican if he is the party’s presidential nominee; he will instead vote for Donald Trump.

2017–After being contacted by officials from Mexico and Canada, President Donald Trump announces that he will renegotiate the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).

2017–Two U.S. service members are killed and a third is injured during a raid against ISIL militants in Afghanistan's Nangarhar Province.

2018–The Panmunjom Declaration is signed by the leaders of North and South Korea, declaring the end of the Korean War, reaching back over 60 years.

2018–Film and television producer, Paul Junger Witt, dies of cancer in Los Angeles, California, at age 77. With his partners, Tony Thomas and Susan Harris, he produced such hit TV shows as The Second Hundred Years, Here Come the Brides, The Rookies, The Partridge Family, The Golden Girls, Soap, Benson, Empty Nest, and Blossom. His film credits include Brian’s Song, Blood Sport, Firstborn, Dead Poet’s Society, Mixed Nuts, and Insomnia.


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