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1985–The Coca-Cola Company announces that it is changing the 99-year-old secret flavor formula for Coke, and releasing New Coke. This, it turns out later, was a big mistake, as the fans of Coke refused to buy the new product and were thereby instrumental in bringing back the original "Classic Coke."


BC 215–A temple is built on the Capitoline Hill dedicated to Venus Erycina to commemorate the Roman defeat at Lake Trasimene.

33–Christian tradition says that Jesus Christ, crucified three days earlier, is raised from the dead: marking this date as the very first Easter. (The next time Easter fell on April 23rd was in the year 2000.)

599–Maya King Uneh Chan of Calakmul attacks rival city-state, Palenque, in southern Mexico, defeating Queen Yohl Ik'nal and sacking the city.

711–Frankish King, Childebert III, dies in St. Etienne, Loire, France. Dagobert III is crowned King of the Franks.

1014–Irish King, Brian Boru, dies in battle in Clontarf, Dublin, Ireland, at age 73.

1016–Edmund Ironside succeeds his father, Ethelred the Unready, as King of England.

1124–Alexander I of Scotland dies in Stirling, Scotland, at age 45.

1141–Malcolm IV of Scotland is born in Scotland. For much of his youthful reign he was in poor health and he never married.

1185–Afonso II of Portugal is born in Coimbra, Kingdom of Portugal.

1196–Béla III of Hungary dies at age 48. He was King of Hungary and Croatia between 1172 and 1196.

1200–Philosopher, Zhu Xi, dies in China, at age 69. He was a Song dynasty Confucian scholar who was the leading figure of the School of Principle and the most influential rationalist Neo-Confucian in China. He has been called the second most influential thinker in Chinese history, after Confucius himself.

1217–Inge II of Norway dies in Nidaros, Norway, at age 31.

1343–St. George's Night Uprising commences in the Duchy of Estonia.

1348–The founding of the first English order of knighthood, the Order of the Garter, is announced by King Edward III on St. George's Day.

1420–George of Podebrady, King of Bohemia, is born at Podebrady Castle in the Czech Republic. He was leader of the Hussites.

1464–Joan of France, Duchess of Berry, is born Johanna van Valois in Nogent-le-Roi, County of Dreux, France. She was briefly Queen of France as wife of King Louis XII, in between the death of her brother, King Charles VIII, and the annulment of her marriage. After that, she retired to her domain, where she soon founded the monastic Order of the Sisters of the Annunciation of Mary. She was canonized on May 28, 1950, and is known in the Roman Catholic Church as Saint Joan of Valois, O.Ann.M.

1516–The Bayerische Reinheitsgebot (regarding the ingredients of beer) is signed in Ingolstadt.

1521–King Charles I of Spain defeats the Comuneros in the Battle of Villalar.

1564–William Shakespeare is born in Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, West Midlands, England, in a modest room above the shop on Henley Street where his father made and sold gloves. As a teenager, he married Anne Hathaway, an older woman. They had three children before Shakespeare went off to London to achieve greatness in the theater. By 1595, he was acting and writing plays for a theater company called the Lord Chamberlain's Men, and in 1599, he became a part-owner of the Globe Playhouse. Shakespeare returned to Stratford in about 1610, having written 37 plays and 154 sonnets. Stratford-on-Avon is now the second most popular tourist destination in England, after the city of London.

1616–William Shakesphere dies on his birthday in Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, West Midlands, England, at age 52.

1625–Maurice, Prince of Orange, dies in The Hague, Holland, Dutch Republic, at age 57. Before he became Prince of Orange upon the death of his eldest half-brother, Philip William, in 1618, he was known as Maurice of Nassau.

1635–Boston Latin School, the first public school in America, is founded by the Reverend John Cotton.

1655–The Siege of Santo Domingo begins during the Anglo-Spanish War, and fails seven days later.

1660–The Treaty of Oliva is established between Sweden and Poland.

1661–King Charles II of England, Scotland, and Ireland, is crowned in Westminster Abbey, London, England.

1775–Romantic painter, water-colorist, and printmaker, Joseph Mallord William Turner, is born in England. Perhaps the most revered landscape painter of all time, Turner elevated the art to one of the most highly regarded styles. Although his works in oil are more well known, he was a master of both the oil and watercolor media, commonly referred to as "the painter of light." Many regard his work as catalyst of the transition from the Romantic to Impressionism.

1789–President George Washington moves into Franklin House in New York.

1791–James Buchanan, the 15th U.S. President (1857-1861), is born in Cove Gap, Pennsylvania.

1813–Scholar, Frédéric Ozanam, founder of the Society of Saint Vincent de Paul, is born in France.

1815–A second phase of the national revolution of the Serbs against the Ottoman Empire, erupts shortly after the annexation of the country to the Ottoman Empire.

1850–Poet, William Wordsworth, dies of pleurisy in Cumberland, England, at age 80. He had been appointed Poet Laureate by Queen Victoria seven years earlier. He was a major English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped to launch the Romantic Age in English literature with their joint publication Lyrical Ballads in 1798. Wordsworth's magnum opus is generally considered to be The Prelude, a semi-autobiographical poem of his early years that he revised and expanded a number of times.

1879–Fire burns down the second main building and dome of the University of Notre Dame, which prompts the construction of the third, and present-day, Main Building with its golden dome.

1891–Jews are expelled from Moscow, Russia.

1891–Composer, Sergei Sergeyevich Prokofiev, is born in Sontsovka (present-day Krasne, Krasnoarmiisk Raion, Donetsk Oblast, eastern Ukraine), a remote rural estate in the Yekaterinoslav Governorate of the Russian Empire. As the creator of acknowledged masterpieces across numerous musical genres, he is regarded as one of the major composers of the 20th century. Prokofiev initially made his name as an iconoclastic composer-pianist, achieving notoriety with a series of ferociously dissonant and virtuosic works for his instrument, including his first two piano concertos.

1894–Musician, Cow Cow Davenport, is born Charles Edward Davenport in Anniston, Alabama. He was a boogie-woogie and blues piano and organ player, as well as a vaudeville entertainer. His best-known tune was Cow Cow Blues.

1896–The Vitascope system for projecting movies onto a screen is demonstrated in New York City.

1898–Cinematographer, Ernest Laszlo, is born in Budapest, Austria-Hungary. He is known for his frequent collaborations with directors Robert Aldrich and Stanley Kramer. His work includes D.O.A., Houdini, The Big Knife, Baby the Rain Must Fall, Ship of Fools, and Logan’s Run.

1900–The word “hillbilly” is coined by The New York Journal.

1904–The American Academy of Arts and Letters is founded.

1910–President Theodore Roosevelt makes his "The Man in the Arena" speech.

1914–The first baseball game is played at Wrigley Field, then known as Weeghman Park in Chicago, Illinois.

1915–Poet, Rupert Brooke, dies from sepsis from an infected mosquito bite on the Aegean Sea, off the island of Skyrosis, at age 27. He was known for his idealistic war sonnets written during World War I, especially "The Soldier." He was also known for his boyish good looks, which were said to have prompted the Irish poet, W.B. Yeats, to describe him as "the handsomest young man in England."

1917–Model, Dorian Leigh, is born Dorian Elizabeth Leigh Parker in San Antonio, Texas. She is considered one of the first supermodels, and was well known in the United States and Europe. She appeared on the covers of Vogue, Harper's Bazaar, Paris Match, Life, and Elle. Capote's character, Holly Golightly, in his famous 1958 novel, Breakfast at Tiffany's, is said to be largely based on Dorian's life. In 1980, Dorian published an autobiography titled, The Girl Who Had Everything. She was the older sister of model, Suzy Parker.

1918–The British Royal Navy makes a raid in an attempt to neutralize the Belgian port of Bruges-Zeebrugge.

1920–The Grand National Assembly of Turkey (TBMM) is founded in Ankara, Turkey. It denounces the government of Sultan Mehmed VI and announces the preparation of a temporary constitution.

1921–Actress, Janet Blair, is born Martha Jane Lafferty in Altoona, Pennsylvania. She appeared in the films Blondie Goes to College, My Sister Eileen, Something to Shout About, The Fabulous Dorseys, I Love Trouble, The Fuller Brush Man, Boys’ Night Out, and The One and Only.

1926–Novelist, J.P. Donleavy, is born James Patrick Donleavy in Brooklyn, New York. He was in the U.S. Navy in World War II, then went off to Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland, on the G.I. bill. His first novel, The Ginger Man, was included in the Modern Library's list of the 100 best works of fiction of the 20th century; in Ireland it's the seventh best-selling book of all time. He became an Irish citizen in 1967.

1928–Child star, Shirley (Jane) Temple, is born in Santa Monica, California. Temple began her film career in 1932, at the age of three. In 1934, she found international fame in Bright Eyes, a feature film designed specifically for her acting, singing, and dancing talents. Licensed merchandise that capitalized on her wholesome image included dolls, dishes, and clothing, which, today, is valuable memorabilia. She appeared in the films Little Miss Marker, Baby Take a Bow, The Little Colonel, Curly Top, Heidi, The Little Princess, Bluebird, Since You Went Away, I’ll Be Seeing You, and The Bachelor and the Bobby-Soxer. Temple announced her official retirement from films on December 16, 1950. As an adult, Temple had a second career in politics. She was appointed Representative to the 24th United Nations General Assembly by President Richard M. Nixon, then was later appointed United States Ambassador to Ghana by President Gerald R. Ford.

1932–The Shakespeare Memorial Theatre opens at Stratford-on-Avon, England.

1932–The 153-year-old De Adriaan Windmill in Haarlem, Netherlands, burns down.

1932–Jogger, Jim Fixx, is born James Fuller Fox in New York, New York. He is credited with helping start America's fitness revolution, popularizing the sport of running and demonstrating the health benefits of regular jogging.

1932–Fashion designer, Halston, is born Roy Halston Frowick in Des Moines, Iowa. Halston became a household name when he designed the pillbox hat Jacqueline Kennedy wore to her husband's inauguration in 1961. His designs were worn by Lauren Bacall, Bianca Jagger, Gene Tierney, and Elizabeth Taylor, giving him the reputation of designing for the jet set. He also created the minimalist, clean designs, often made of cashmere or ultrasuede, that were popular fashion wear in the mid-1970s discotheque scene.

1933–The Gestapo is established in Germany.

1935–The Polish Constitution of 1935 is adopted.

1936–Singer, Roy Orbison, is born in Vernon, Texas. His haunting voice has graced some of the most extraordinary songs of the rock era, including Crying, Only the Lonely, In Dreams, and Pretty Woman. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1987.

1937–Poet and translator, Coleman Barks, is born in Chattanooga, Tennessee. He is famous for his translations of poems by the 13th-century Sufi mystic, Rumi. His collection, The Essential Rumi, was published in 1995.

1939–Actor, David (Edwin) Birney, is born in Washington, D.C. He is best known for his starring role in the sitcom Bridget Loves Bernie. He appeared in the TV movies Only with Married Men, Someone’s Watching Me!, Mom, the Wolfman, and Me, The Long Journey Home, Always Remember I Love You, and Keeping Secrets. He was married to actress, Meredith Baxter.

1939–Actor, Lee Majors, is born Harvey Lee Yeary in Wyandotte, Michigan. He is best known for the starring role on the TV action series The Six Million Dollar Man. He appeared in the films Strait-Jacket, Will Penny, Steel, Circle of Two, Scrooged, and Primary Suspect. He was married to actress, Farah Fawcett.

1939–Singer, Ray Peterson, is born in Denton, Texas. He had the big 1950s hit song Tell Laura I Love Her.

1940–A fire at the Rhythm Night Club in Natchez, Mississippi, kills 198 people.

1941–In World War II, the Greek government and King George II evacuate Athens before the invading Wehrmacht.

1941–Film producer, Michael Lynne, is born in Brooklyn, New York. He was a co-founder (with Robert Shaye) of New Line Cinema.

1941–Computer programmer, Ray Tomlinson, is born Raymond Samuel Tomlinson in Amsterdam, New York. In 1971, he implemented the first email program on the ARPANET system, the precursor to the Internet. To achieve this, he used the @ sign to separate the user name from the name of their machine, a scheme which has been used in email addresses ever since. The Internet Hall of Fame said, "Tomlinson's email program brought about a complete revolution, fundamentally changing the way people communicate."

1942–During World War II, German bombers hit Exeter, Bath, and York in retaliation for the British raid on Lübeck.

1942–Actress, Sandra Dee, is born Alexandra Zuck in Bayonne, New Jersey. She is best known for her starring role in the movie Gidget. She appeared in the films Until they Sail, The Relunctant Debutante, The Restless Years, Imitation of Life, The Wild and the Innocent, A Summer Place, Portrait in Black, Romanoff and Juliet, Tammy Tell Me True, Come September, If a Man Answers, Tammy and the Doctor, Take Her, She’s Mine, I’d Rather Be Rich, That Funny Feeling, A Man Could Get Killed, Doctor, You’ve Got to Be Kidding!, and The Dunwich Horror. She was married to singer, Bobby Darin.

1942–Politician, Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear, dies in Don Torcuato, Buenos Aires, Argentina, at age 73. He was the 20th President of Argentina.

1943–The Earl Hines Band begins a residency at the Apollo Theatre in Harlem, New York. Among the musicians are future superstars Dizzy Gillespie, Charlie Parker, and Sarah Vaughan.

1943–Actor, Herve Villechaize, is born Hervé Jean-Pierre Villechaize in Paris, Occupied France. He is best known for his co-starring role on the TV series Fantasy Island.

1945–Adolf Hitler's designated successor, Hermann Göring, sends him a telegram asking permission to take leadership of the Third Reich, which causes Hitler to replace him with Joseph Goebbels and Karl Dönitz.

1946–Manuel Roxas is elected the last President of the Commonwealth of the Philippines.

1949–The People's Liberation Army Navy is established.

1949–Actress, (Bonnie) Blair Brown, is born in Washington, D.C. She starred in the TV series The Days and Nights of Molly Dodd. She appeared in the films The Paper Chase, The Choirboys, One-Trick Pony, Altered States, Continental Divide, The Bad Seed, Stealing Home, The Astronaut’s Wife, Space Cowboys, In His Life: The John Lennon Story, and Benjamin Franklin.

1949–Actress, Joyce (Anne) DeWitt, is born in Wheeling, West Virginia. She is best known for the role of Janet Wood on the sitcom Three’s Company.

1950–The 4th NBA Championship: The Minneapolis Lakers beat the Syracuse Nationals, 4 games to 2.

1950–The Stanley Cup: The Detroit Red Wings beat the New York Rangers, 4 games to 3.

1951–American journalist, William N. Oatis, is arrested for espionage by the Communist government of Czechoslovakia.

1951–Comedian, Lenny Bruce, is arrested while impersonating a priest soliciting funds for a leper colony.

1953–Actor, James (Vincent) Russo, is born in New York, New York. He appeared in the films Fast Times at Ridgemont High, Once Upon a Time in America, Beverly Hills Cop, The Cotton Club, Extremities, A Kiss Before Dying, My Own Private Idaho, Bad Girls, Donnie Brasco, Stealing Sinatra, Open Range, and Django Unchained.

1954–Actress, Lucinda Jenney, is born in Long Island City, Queens, New York. She appeared in the films Peggy Sue Got Married, Rain Man, Born on the Fourth of July, Thelma & Louise, American Heart, Mr. Jones, Leaving Las Vegas, Grace of My Heart, G.I. Jane, Mad City, and What Dreams May Come.

1954–Filmmaker, Michael (Francis) Moore, is born in Flint, Michigan. His films include Roger & Me, The Big One, Bowling for Columbine, and Sicko.

1955–The Canadian Labour Congress is formed by the merger of the Trades and Labour Congress of Canada and the Canadian Congress of Labour.

1955–Actress, Judy Davis, is born in Perth, Australia. She appeared in the films My Brilliant Career, A Passage to India, Kangeroo, High Tide, Alice, Barton Fink, Impromptu, Naked Lunch, Husbands and Wives, Deconstructing Harry, Absolute Power, Celebrity, A Cooler Climate, Life with Judy Garland: Me and My Shadows, and Marie Antoinette.

1955–Soul singer, Ray Charles, returns to his home state to record Drown In My Own Tears and Hallelujah, I Love Her So for Atlantic Records in the studios of WMAQ Miami, Florida.

1956–Elvis Presley, accompanied by Bill Black and Scotty Moore, makes his Las Vegas debut at the New Frontier Hotel, where he is the opening act for the Freddie Martin Orchestra and comedian Shecky Greene. The two-week run is called off after only one week, due to poor attendance. Presley won't play Las Vegas again for almost 13 years.

1956–Comedian, Kevin (Gerard) Meaney, is born in Valhalla, New York. He began his career in comedy in 1980. His big break into mainstream culture was his first HBO comedy special in 1986, followed by his debut performance on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson in 1987.

1957–Comedienne, Jan Hooks, is born Janet Vivian Hoks in Decatur, Georgia. She is best known as a cast member of the late night comedy series Saturday Night Live. She appeared in the films Pee-wee’s Big Adventure, Wildcats, Coneheads, A Dangerous Woman, and Jiminy Glick in Lalawood.

1959–The first heliport in Britain opens in London, England.

1959–Actor, Dan Frischman, is born in Whippany, New Jersey. He is best known for the role of Arvid Engen on the TV series Head of the Class. He appeared in the films Wacko, Get Crazy, and Masked and Anonymous.

1960–John Lennon and Paul McCartney perform, using the name "The Nerk Twins," at The Fox and Hounds pub in Caversham, Berkshire. John and Paul are staying with Paul's cousin during the Easter holidays. As a reward for their working in the pub during the week, Paul's cousin lets them perform live on Saturday night and on Sunday at lunchtime. How their performances were regarded by the audience is a matter lost to history, as stories about "The Nerk Twins" experience have not been widely circulated.

1960–Actress, Valerie (Anne) Bertinelli, is born in Wilmington, Delaware. She is best known for the role of Barbara Cooper on the TV series One Day at a Time and Melanie Moretti on Hot In Cleveland. She was married to musician, Eddie Van Halen. Musician, Wolfgang Van Halen, is the couple’s son.

1960–Steve Clark, of Def Leppard, is born Stephen Maynard Clark in Hillsborough, Sheffield, England.

1961–Comedian-actor, George Lopez, is born in Mission Hills, California. He is best known for starring in his self-produced sitcom George Lopez. His stand-up comedy examines race and ethnic relations, including Mexican American culture.

1962–Actor, John (David) Hannah, is born in East Kilbride, Lanarkshire, Scotland. He appeared in the films Four Weddings and a Funeral, The Final Cut, Sliding Doors, The Mummy, The Huricane, and I’m with Lucy.

1964–A chart topper: A World Without Love by Peter & Gordon.

1964–John Lennon attends Foyle's Literary Luncheon at the Dorchester Hotel in London, England, to receive the Literary Prize for his first book In His Own Write. His entire acceptance speech is, "Thank you very much, and God bless you."

1965–The first Soviet communications satellite is launched.

1966–The New York Herald-Tribune, which was started by Horace Greeley as The New York Tribune in 1841, ceases publication.

1966–The Doors are the featured rock band at the first “No War Toys” anniversary party, at Will Rogers State Park, in Los Angeles, California. This is one of a number of “No War Toys” gatherings that sprang from the escalation of the Vietnam War.

1966–George Ohsawa, originator of the Macrobiotic diet, dies of a heart attack in Japan, at age 74.

1967–Soviet space program: Soyuz 1, a manned spaceflight carrying cosmonaut Colonel Vladimir Komarov, is launched into orbit.

1968–Students at Columbia University take over campus buildings in protest over the use of university property. The university will shut down prematurely on April 26th due to the student strike.

1968–The first decimal coins are issued in Great Britain, the 5 pence and 10 pence, replacing the shilling and two-shilling pieces.

1968–American terrorist, Timothy (James) McVeigh, is born in Lockport, New York. He was convicted and executed for the detonation of a truck bomb in front of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, on April 19, 1995. Commonly referred to as the Oklahoma City Bombing, the attack killed 168 people and injured over 600 others. According to the United States Government, it remains the most significant act of domestic terrorism in American history.

1969–The Ash Grove, a folk-blues club in Los Angeles, California, burns down. Rock performers, such as Canned Heat, The Chambers Brothers, and Taj Mahal got their start there. A new incarnation of the club would open on the Santa Monica Pier in 1996.

1969–Sirhan Sirhan receives the death sentence for assassinating New York Senator Robert F. Kennedy. The sentence was later reduced to life imprisonment.

1970–John Lennon and Yoko Ono fly to Los Angeles, California, ready for their Primal Scream therapy treatments at Arthur Janov’s Primal Institute. For the entire summer, the couple will undergo intensive therapy sessions with the Janovs.

1970–Norman Greenbaum's hit single, Spirit in the Sky, earns him a gold record.

1971–In the Bangladesh Liberation War, the Pakistan Army and Razakars massacre approximately 3,000 Hindu emigrants in the Jathibhanga area of East Pakistan (present-day Bangladesh).

1974–A Pan American World Airways Boeing 707 crashes in Bali, Indonesia, killing 107 people.

1974–The USSR conducts a nuclear test at Sary Shagan.

1974–Cordelia (Hornaday) Knott dies at age 84. She was co-founder, with her husband Walter, of Knott's Berry Farm in Southern California.

1975–Peter Ham, guitarist and songwriter for Badfinger, dies of suicide by hanging in his garage in London, England, at age 27. He was reported to be deeply depressed by the group’s financial problems.

1978–The USSR conducts a nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh.

1983–Actor, Buster Crabbe, dies of a heart attack in Scottdale, Arizona, at age 75. He won the 1932 Olympic gold medal for 400m freestyle swimming, and later, due to his good looks, he was cast in numerous film roles. He played both Flash Gordon and Buck Rogers in movie serials.

1984–Scientists isolate the virus that leads to AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome).

1985–The Coca-Cola Company announces that it is changing the 99-year-old secret flavor formula for Coke, and releasing New Coke. This, it turns out later, was a big mistake, as the fans of Coke refused to buy the new product and were thereby instrumental in bringing back the original "Classic Coke."

1986–Songwriter, Harold Arlen, dies in New York, New York, at age 81. He was a composer of popular music, having written over 500 songs. He composed the songs for The Wizard of Oz, including the classic Over the Rainbow. He also wrote The Man That Got Away, for the 1954 version of the film A Star Is Born.

1986–Film director and producer, Otto Preminger, dies of cancer in New York, New York, at age 80. He was also suffering from Alzheimer's disease. His films include Laura, Forever Amber, Daisy Kenyon, Stalag 17, The Moon Is Blue, Carmen Jones, River of No Return, The Man with the Golden Arm, Porgy and Bess, Anatomy of a Murder, Exodus, and In Harm’s Way.

1988–U.S. Federal law bans smoking during domestic airline flights of two hours or less.

1989–Salina, Kansas, hits a record high of 105 degrees.

1990–Namibia becomes the 160th member of the United Nations and the 50th member of the Commonwealth of Nations.

1990–Actress, Paulette Goddard, dies of heart failure and emphysema in Ronco sopra Ascona, Ticino, Switzerland, at age 79. She appeared in the films The Mouthpiece, Pack Up Your Troubles, The Bowery, Roman Scandals, Modern Times, The Bohemian Girl, The Women, The Great Dictator, Reap the Wild Wind, Duffy’s Tavern, Kitty, and Anna Lucasta.

1992–Marion Berry, former Mayor of Washington, D.C., is released from prison.

1992–McDonald's opens its first fast-food restaurant in China.

1992–Film director, Satyajit Ray, dies in Kolkata, West Bengal, at age 70. He directed 36 films, including feature films, documentaries, and shorts. He was also a fiction writer, publisher, illustrator, calligrapher, music composer, graphic designer, and film critic. In 1992, Ray was the first Indian to receive an Honorary Academy Award. His films include Pather Panchali, Aparajito, Apur Sansar, Devi, Sikkim, The Inner Eye, Bala, and Agantuk.

1993–Eritreans vote overwhelmingly for independence from Ethiopia in a United Nations-monitored referendum.

1993–Sri Lankan politician, Lalith Athulathmudali, is assassinated while addressing a gathering, approximately four weeks ahead of the Provincial Council elections for the Western Province.

1993–Farm labor leader, Cesar Chavez, dies of natural causes in San Luis, Arizona, at age 66. Chavez is buried at the National Chavez Center on the headquarters campus of the United Farm Workers of America (UFW), in the Keene community of unincorporated Kern County, California.

1995–Model, Gigi Hadid, is born Jelena Noura Hadid in Los Angeles, California. She has appeared on the reality TV show The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills. Her mother is model, Yolanda Hadid Foster.

1995–Sportscaster, Howard Cosell, dies of a cardiac embolism in New York, New York, at age 77. In 1993, TV Guide named Howard Cosell the “All-Time Best Sportscaster” in its issue celebrating 40 years of television.

1998–James Earl Ray, dies from complications related to hepatitis C at a hospital in Nashville, Tennessee, at age 70. He confessed to assassinating the Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. in 1968, and later insisted he was framed. He was sentenced to 99 years in prison.

2001–Astronaut, David M. Walker, dies of cancer in Houston, Texas, at age 56. He was an American naval officer and aviator, fighter pilot, and test pilot. He flew aboard four Space Shuttle missions in the 1980s and 1990s.

2005–The first YouTube video is uploaded: it is titled "Me at the zoo."

2005–Actor, John Mills, dies of a chest infection in in Denham, Buckinghamshire, England, at age 97. He acted in more than 120 films in a career spanning seven decades. He appeared in the films Goodbye, Mr. Chips, This Happy Breed, Hobson’s Choice, Around the World in 80 Days, Tiger Bay, Swiss Family Robinson, The Chalk Garden, The Family Way, The Wrong Box, Adam’s Woman, Ryan’s Daughter, and Gandhi.

2007–Boris Yeltsin, the first President of the Russian Federation, dies of congestive heart failure in Moscow, Russia, at age 76.

2011–Record producer, Huey Meaux, dies at age 82. He was the owner of various record labels and recording studios, including Crazy Cajun Records, Tear Drop Records, Capri Records, and SugarHill Recording Studios. His credits include the hits She's About a Mover by the Sir Douglas Quintet, Before the Next Teardrop Falls and Wasted Days and Wasted Nights by Freddy Fender, and You'll Lose A Good Thing by Barbara Lynn.

2012–Thirty-eight thousand London Marathon entrants have their home and email contacts published in a data protection breach.

2013–A 1% flash crash hits the U.S. stock market after a news agency is hacked.

2013–At least 28 people are killed and more than 70 others are injured, as violence breaks out in Hawija, Iraq.

2015–Lucas Hinch, of Colorado Springs, Colorado, takes his computer into an alley and fires eight shots into it. He is cited with discharging a firearm within city limits.

2015–Journalist and critis, Richard Corliss, dies of a stroke in New York, New York, at age 71. He was the editor-in-chief of Film Comment (1970-1990) and author of the book Talking Pictures. He wrote for the publications Time, National Review, New Times, Maclean's, and SoHo Weekly News.

2016–Rock icon, Prince, is cremated, and a group of his "most beloved" family, friends, and musicians, celebrate his life afterward in a small, private service at his Paisley Park estate, outside Minneapolis, Minnesota.

2017–Prominent Italian-born conservationist, Kuki Gallmann, is shot and injured in an ambush in northern Kenya.

2017–Thousands of German riot police are deployed to control protesters opposing the Alternative for Germany at the party's conference in Cologne.

2017–Television writer, Chris Bearde, dies of a heart attack in Westlake Village, California, at age 80. He is best known for his work as a writer on the 1960s hit Laugh In, and for co-writing and producing TV specials for Elvis Presley, Bob Hope, Sonny and Cher, Bill Cosby, Steve Martin, Jim Carrey, The Jackson Five, The Osmonds, and Lucille Ball.

2017–Actress, Kathleen Crowley, dies in Green Bank, New Jersey, at age 87. She represented her home state of New Jersey in the Miss America Pageant in 1949, placing sixth, and with the scholarship money she won enrolled at the American Academy of Dramatic Art in New York. She was cast in dozens of TV shows, including Rawhide, Thriller, 77 Sunset Strip, Hawaiian Eye, Maverick, Route 66, Perry Mason, and Bonanza. She appeared in the films The Farmer Takes a Wife, Target Earth, Female Jungle, Westward Ho the Wagons, The Rebel Set, Showdown, and Downhill Racer.

2018–Scottish YouTuber, Mark "Count Dankula" Meechan, is fined £800 for a racially aggravated offense under the Communications Act for a video of a pug dog responding to Nazi slogans. Protests are held outside Airdrie Sheriff Court and English Defence League ex-leader, Tommy Robinson, sits in court to support Meechan.

2018–A study reveals that WASP-104b, a Hot Jupiter Exoplanet, is darker than charcoal and absorbs 99% of light.

2018–The Duchess of Cambridge, Kate Middleton, gives birth to a baby boy. The third child of Kate and Prince William weighs in at 8 lbs. 7 ounces, and will be fifth in line for the British throne.


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